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This research is about maltreatment-related investigations involving Black children and youth in Ontario child welfare services in 2018. These investigations are compared to investigations involving white children and youth across child, family, and household characteristics, and other specifics of these investigations. Maltreatment-related investigations include situations in which there are concerns that a child or young person may have been abused or neglected and situations in which there is a risk of future maltreatment.